The correct answer is B
Peterson, LJ, Ellis, E III, Hupp, JR, Tucker, MR, Contemporary Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery 2nd Edition, Mosby-Year Book, Inc., pg 20-21.
“For purposes of oral surgery the following drugs are believed least likely to harm a fetus when used in moderate amounts: Lidocaine, bupivacaine, acetaminophen, codeine, penicillin, and erythromycin. Although aspirin is otherwise safe to use, it should not be given late the third trimester because of its anticoagulant property. All sedative drugs are best avoided in pregnant patients. Nitrous oxide would not be used during the first trimester but if necessary can be used in the second and third trimesters as long as it is delivered with at least 50% oxygen.”
Little, JW, Falace, DA, Miller, CS, Rhodus, NL, Dental Management Of The Medically Compromised Patient., 5th Edition Mosby-Year Book, Inc., Pg. 438.
Food and Drug Administration categorization of prescription drugs for pregnant patients.
| A | Controlled studies in humans have failed to demostrate a risk to the fetus, and the possibility of fetal harm appears remote. |
| B | Animal studies have not indicated fetal risk, and there are no human studies; or animal studies have shown a risk, but controlled human studies have not. |
| C | Animal studies have shown a risk, but there are no controlled human studies; or no studies are available in humans or animals |
| D | Positive evidence of human fetal risk exists, but in certain situations the drug may be used despite its risks. |
| X | Evidence of fetal abnormalities and/or fetal risk exists based on human experience, and the risk outweighs any possible benefit of use during pregnancy. |
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