Dental Microbiology MCQ Answer 02

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Answer is c. 3 only

The cells present during inflammation (such as apical periodontitis) are as follows:

Neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells and epithelial cells.

In general, the acute phase reveals high concentrations of neutrophils and some macrophages and chronic phase reveals accumulation of lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells.

PMNs-polymorphonuclear leukocytes or neutrophils are the front line fighting force against microbes and are the hallmark of acute inflammation.

They locate and destroy microbes as nonspecific phagocytes and are well equipped to attack enemies with weapons already stored within them, classified into primary, secondary, and tertiary groups. Primary contain lysosomes, myeloperoxidase, cationic proteins, and neutral proteases. Secondary granules are marked by lactoferrin and vitamin B12 binding protein. Tertiary granules are released in response to specific stimuli.

Lymphocytes-three major classes: T-lymph’s, B-lymph’s and natural killer (NK) cells.

Plasma cells-the only cells that can manufacture antibodies.

Macrophages-the primary cells of chronic inflammation and immunity; a large mononuclear phagocyte.

Epithelial cells-about 30-52% all apical periodontitis lesions contain proliferating epithelium; during periapical inflammation the cells rests of Malassez are stimulated by cytokines and growth factors to undergo division and proliferation called inflammatory hyperplasia.

1. is wrong-PMNs are the font line fighting force against microbes.

2. is wrong-macrophages are the “prima donna” of chronic inflammation and immunity.

3. is correct

4. is wrong-PMNs are short lived (2-3 days)

5. this describes acute phases of apical periodontitis

Reference: Pathways of the Pulp, 8^th Ed. Cohen and Burns 2002