The answer is E.
The quartz bulbs only produce 0.5% of light suitable for curing. Most is converted into heat. UV and infrared filters eliminate unnecessary light . Output is in the range of 400-800 mW/cm2. Curing times for Lasers and PAC lights are advertised as 3-10 seconds. The fast cure can however cause INCREASED polymerization stress and DECREASED bond strengths. LED’s are advertised as allowing one to generate the appropriate wavelength and curing cycle for the many products on the market. Camphoroquinone is the photoinitiator most used in composites. Stepped cure lights (Elipar 1997) used 100 mW/cm2 for 10 seconds, then 600 mW/cm2 for 30 seconds this shows some promise in decreasing polymerization stresses.
SOURCE: STURDEVANTS ART AND SCIENCE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY 4TH EDITION. page 198-202.

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