The Correct Answer is D
- The term "case" refers to the person with a certain disease or health-related condition (including death), and "control" refers to the person without the condition.
- A case-control study is an observational study that compares attributes of sampled cases and controls.
- The investigator identifies a group of people with the disease (cases) and another comparison group without the disease (controls).
- Then for both groups, each person's past exposure to a certain attribute (life style, environmental factor, genetic trait, etc.) is then determined by means of questionnaire, chart review, and/or biospecimen analysis.
- The frequencies or levels of the past exposures in the case group are compared with that in the control group.
- If the cases have a higher amount of exposure than controls, the exposure may be associated with the disease.
- Case-Control studies start the investigation with people who have the case or outcome and look back to possible exposures.
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