AIPPG 2003 Dental MCQ Answer 12

The Correct Answer is D

External or internal radiation therapy can often cause damage to the salivary glands, leading to a permanently dry mouth. Due to the lack of saliva, there is more risk of dental decay so it is important to have regular dental check-ups.

Mucositis – this is one of the earliest effects. Side effects of erethema, tenderness, and desquamation are seen as early as 2 weeks postoperatively. A history of smoking and alcohol use are risk factors for the condition.

Xerostomia – It is well know that xerostomia is a common side effect of radiation therapy. Salivary flow rates as low as 1% are common after a full 6 weeks of radiation therapy. This decrease in saliva contributes to a continuous risk of dental carries that has led many surgeons to result to total tooth extraction prior to radiation.

Trismus – Radiation of maxillary and hard palate tumors often includes the TMJ and muscles of mastication in the field. This results in stiffness of the joint and muscles and decreases the patient’s ability to open his or her mouth.